社会演员。

这个概念以前讲过，马克思·韦伯提出来的“社会演员（social actor）”——人在社会中扮演着各种角色，以此对自己进行行为规范。
我要说的是，一个人的“角色”越多，就越难做调整和规划，越容易焦虑。
比如现在，我是学生，还是老师，是研究者，是合作者，是独立作者，是女儿，是妻子，是朋友，每个角色都有各自的责任，有时候这个表单里你不清楚哪个应该标注什么样的优先级？
这个周末，我想休息，做好吃的，和Vic赖着，做运动，做家务，备课，批作业，准备讲座内容，两周后的考试，写合作论文，写自己的论文，准备综合考试，准备毕业论文开题，和M的会议，PC的变动，NI的草稿，A的提案，I的实验，该读的文献和书，该看的网站，该熟悉的软件，⋯⋯一瞬间我真觉得不知做什么好，是不是就只能什么都不做？

《纽约时报》：《中国控制娱乐与微博》

Elysia编译

近年来，流行文化领域的自由度似有放宽，但随着世界形式变化、政权移交的临近、及民众言论尺度大开，党似乎要说‘够了’。
周二国家广电总局发布了惊人的“限娱令”，要求34家主要卫视频道每周限播两集90分钟内的娱乐节目，每晚播出两小时国家审查通过的新闻，停止观众导向的节目设定。
对于微型博客（如新浪及腾讯微博，各有超两亿用户）也会陆续推出限制。周三党中央发布关于网络管理体系会议的报告，要求加强对社交网站及短消息系统的监管，惩处“有害言论”的传播者。
目前正是临近政府换届，是言论管制最严厉的阶段。中东的局势也让中国领导人对自己的绝对统治有所担心。对文化的管制也反应了强硬派如Zhou Yongkang（曾主力平定新疆维族暴乱）的影响力的增强。周二，新华社报道Zhou要求当局“建立法律法规”以“解决社会团结、道德和网络管理的问题”。当然，除当权者而外，无人知晓他们对言论自由的这种难以具象的总体不安感来自何源。
以微博为例，其内容充斥着对官员劣迹斑斑的行径的报道（如七月时某云南官员的性丑闻）。知情者称位于北京和深圳的英特网管理者得到政府领导授意对该信息放行。其实，政府可以轻易取缔微博。2009年，新疆断网10个月之久。但微博现在用户众多，一年内翻了一番，全面取缔可能性不大。
中国政法大学新闻传播学院院长Song Jianwu认为中国领导人允许开放言路，但也担心微博这个安全阀可能演变成炸弹。他认为中国网路会逐步施行实名制：”我们希望（政府）不要采取对抗性的态度。”
除了自监管以外，很多“辟谣”部门相继建立，专人排查、消除错误信息。北京党委书记Liu Qiu多次公开前往微博公司，时有著名博主陪同。他要求人们维护社会秩序和正确的意识形态，并按时政府对他们的态度取决他们合作与否。
对于限娱令，业界人士理解为对中央台的支持保护和对地方台的打压。去年，官方要求江苏卫视淡化《非诚勿扰》节目；上个月，湖南卫视《超级女声》节目因播出超时被叫停。有人指出，短信投票的模式太过于类似选举的形式，可能也因此激怒当局。
总体而言，中国对媒体内容的限制与规定有增无减。媒体分析家及顾问Bill Bishop认为限娱令可能使人们转向网络寻求娱乐节目，但政府可能会很快出台法规限制网络内容。他建议投资者考虑日渐加大的管理风险。


原文地址：http://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/27/world/asia/china-imposes-new-limits-on-entertainment-and-bloggers.html?_r=1&nl=technology&emc=techupdateema1

滋滋作响。

想到西门鸡翅，觉得是无上美味，不是因为那鸡翅新鲜，不是因为那油花飞溅，不是因为那焦香四溢，不是因为那饥饿难耐，是因为那一口咬下去滋滋作响的青春。

Questions

Did you aim at questioning one person's behavior or at discussing a pressing phenomenon?

Were you aware that you were making constant, multiple times of legal accusation of one individual throughout a considerable length in a public fashion?

Did you do any fact check before making such accusation besides your own "observation?"

How certain were you that your accusation was correct? How certain are you now?

If not 100%, do you think that you should have made such a strong and constant accusation targeting one person?

You cited a message that was not directly linked to the incident last Saturday. Do you think that might reflect that you were biased before evaluating the incidence?

Were you aware that citing an irrelevant case might cause biased judgment among the message recipients?

Do you remain biased towards the person outside the soccer games? Specifically, do you consider him as a generally violent person, or one with violent tendency?

As the Committee member of the said person, do you agree that you are in the de facto higher level of the hierarchy in any possible interaction with him?

Do you agree that the power structure never really disappear, no mAtter how the context or scenario changes?

If so, do you think as a person with more power in this hierarchy, your accusation may cause unnecessary pressure and stress on the person?

Do you agree therefore you should be more cautious than making an ill-evidenced accusation, which may be a crime that breaches the said person's reputation, at the same time causing a conflict of interest?

Since you are constantly making moral and even legal judgment of the person without factual ground, how certain are you that such personal biases would not interfere with your role as influencing and evaluating the said person's academic performance?

怒。

过一会儿就把其中几条微博删了。存在这里留个记录。

权力结构（上级对下级、长辈对晚辈、老师对学生）不会因场合变换、关系变近、或拥权者自谦而消失。反而越是亲近的人，伤害可能越大。因此，自上而下的批评在任何场合下都应非常谨慎，否则会造成隐形的心理上的、交际上的、沟通上的阻碍和伤害。每个人都有责任提防自己对他人的隐形伤害。
Oct 16，19：55
海岩Elysia：回复@淇水之悠:专业所致吧再加上现在我在教课。Vic也不像我这样想。但是今天一天都觉得Vic一直在想这件事，他真是被说得很懵。被公开指说“犯法”，换谁都有压力，你说呢。老师有天然的责任感，这没什么错，但事实不清时说得这么严重，我觉得可能欠考虑。另外Vic每次踢球回来都浑身是伤，只是没说罢了 (今天 11:31)
淇水之悠：没想到你解读得如此深刻。说实在的，我没有想到这一层。我还真把老zhang当球友看。但是回过头来想，我想当时我老板还没挂靴的时候，我也真不可能在场上把他当普通球友。 (今天 11:24)

另一方面，老师的不当行为、越界管理、错误指摘在美国可能会导致被控诉、调查甚至解职。这是我一个传播学和心理学研究者且正在教授本科生课的新教员的观察与反思。我可能过度反应了，别人都比我淡定，我淡定不能。
Oct 16，19：57


那我就说出来好了。脚趾受伤是犯规还是被犯规的后果？Vic踢球回来经常膝部、脚腕受伤、流血，他说没事，经常如此也是没事？友好踢球是个相互的过程，因为犯规行为不如抱怨行为可见，就是抱怨的人有错？保护队友不是每个人的义务么？每每被踢伤时友谊在哪里？
23：42
淇水之悠：海岩，我觉得你说得没错，保护队友我们都有义务。这才是为什么我们要尽量避免犯规。我们大家踢球都受侵犯，我也经常受伤，Vic收到更多伤也许跟他的踢球风格和位置有关。我始终都说最后那个球事公平的机会，如果大家当时都没较上劲，就不会受伤了。 (今天 11:57)
Vic回复@淇水之悠:他较不较劲我不知道，我没有。换了对方是任何人，我都要出击解围。作为守门员的责任比前锋大得多。你失球了，全队一起做俯卧撑；前锋没抢到球，又能如何？而且我必须说，是我先碰到了球，他踢到了我的脚上。他受伤那么严重，你就知道他用了多大的力量。 (今天 12:02)
海岩Elysia：回复 @淇水之悠:很抱歉，也许我不必参与这个讨论，只是一直以来看到Vic以及他人受伤就已经很不好受了，今天又为这莫名、持续、针对个人的指责批判惶恐了一天，真无法接受。你看看邮件，想象是你或你家人也是受侵犯的一方受到这样的指控是什么心情... (今天 12:04)
淇水之悠：回复@海岩Elysia:我可以理解 (今天 12:05)


违法是多严重的指控？说一句不是法律专家就可以随便给人扣帽子？作为实际上的老师，就算在教室之外也是处于权力上层的，说话是不是更该客观小心求证？信口开河之前想没想过到底在鼓励什么、伤害什么？不就事论事，故意引用两年前的邮件，知不知道本身就是一种偏见、且在制造新的偏见？！
23：47
杜总的围脖：诬陷，没得说 (今天 12:27)
flybarrel：cmft...世界上傻逼很多的。。vic还好吧 (今天 12:48)
葡萄s：bless vic，你俩别生气了。。这种人就是有自己“位高权重”的优越感，在这种优越感被挑战的时候，就接受不了呗。。。这种情况在国内就比较少发生，绝大多数情况大家都知道他们来踢球是来显示自己优越感的。。。只有极个别的老师or老板，是真心和大家来玩儿的。。 (今天 13:18)


如果每个犯规都能得到应有的提醒，类似行为就能得到修正和控制，无谓受伤就能得到避免，才能真正享受运动。不从根本上解决问题，只看表面现象，只从结果-争执上判是非，能否解决问题？所有受伤都是意外且不能避免？第一次踢球不知下脚后果可以理解，一个月还如此就不是水平问题了。表面和气是真和谐？
23:56


Vic踢球在易受攻击的位置，受攻击后倾向于表达（抱怨、争执），的确容易引起误解。但作为教授，在没有确凿事实基础上对权力范围内的学生做出严厉指控，并引用有导向的内容，公开性持续性针对个人进行道德及法律判断，无论基于何种立场，都有滥用权力的倾向，我个人（不代表其他任何人）绝对无法接受。
淇水之悠：最后说的witness云云，的确有些离谱了。 (今天 12:38)
frank_yong：还是我们这边的教授好。。。只有被我骂的分。。。 (11分钟前)

About 304.

I was thinking about some possible changes to the way of teaching 304 next semester. So I am writing myself a note. Here is the thought:

• I will start to encourage my students to come up with their research questions in Week 1. Probably will provide them with some potential fields/areas, just to inspire their ideas.
• Based on their interests, I will put them into groups, and assign them with research articles which investigate theories or phenomena in that specific field which they are interested in.
• Each group will replicate the study in the assigned article with the rest of their classmates as participants. That means that in the first third of the semester there will be one day of lectures and one day of such activities every week. 
• In the second third, we will work on their original study ideas; and in the last third, we will analyze the data and report results.

This new plan demands me to teach really interactively: Class readings have to be prominent to students' respective interests; More thoughts will need to be put into class design beforehand; More effort will be needed to ensure the replication studies work out well, and that these studies better represent different kinds of research methods! I and my students have to work together very efficiently to complete all these tasks within 16 weeks! I will also have to think of a way to evaluate their performance and learning collectively and individually.

But by doing so, students will be able to learn by doing. I always believe that it is the best way of learning. More importantly, they get to work on things that really interest them from Day 1. I hope that they will find it enjoyable than a "traditional" method class.

如何与小女孩聊天

如何与小女孩聊天

作者：丽莎·布鲁姆

原载：赫芬顿邮报·读书（链接：http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lisa-bloom/how-to-talk-to-little-gir_b_882510.html?ref=fb&src=sp）

翻译：Elysia（http://blog.sina.com.cn/elysiahaiyan）

译者注：

“不要对小女孩说你真可爱你真美。为什么？因为你在告诉她们‘容貌最重要’。你在教他们从五岁节食，十一岁化妆，十七岁隆胸，二十四岁打肉毒针。不妨聊聊读书。不妨关心她们的思想。不妨向她们示范女性应因头脑和成就而得到尊重。告诉她们些与美容业、明星潮流不同的事。”

《山楂树》里，老三告诉静秋，胸大没什么不好，不是罪恶的，是美的。与几十年前中国过于激进的压迫性别意识和个人美学相比，过于关注容貌也是危险的，使人虚弱的。无视美和过度重视美，简直是女性自我认知的两个极端。美当然没错，只是美不是全部，不是快乐本身。丽莎·布鲁姆警告我们，畸形的追求外表可能带来生理、心理、人生的瓦解和毁灭。

［译文］ 

上周末去朋友家参加晚宴时，我第一次见到她五岁的女儿。小玛雅长着一头棕色卷发和小鹿般的深色眼睛，穿着可爱的艳粉色晚礼服。我真想尖叫着说：“玛雅，你可真可爱啊！看看你！小美人儿，转个圈，摆个蓬蓬裙的造型！”

但是我没有。我忍住了。每次我见到小女孩，我都得咬紧牙关，不让自己下意识的说出她们时多么多么可爱、好看、美丽、时髦、会打扮。

为什么不能那么说？那不正是我们见到一个小女孩时最正常的反应吗？说一句衷心的称赞，帮助她们提高自信，有何不好？说真的，她们那么可爱，真让人爱不释手呢。

不过，我自有我的道理。

这个星期的ABC新闻报道，三到六岁的女孩里，近半数人担忧自己肥胖。在我的《在这个白痴世界里做个聪明女人》一书里，我提到，十二岁以下的女孩里，百分之十五到十八会日常刷睫毛膏、画眼线、涂口红。厌食症患者激增，自信心暴跌。四分之一的美国年轻女性宁愿赢得“美国下一站名模”而不是诺贝尔奖。就连聪明、成功的高校女生也说在“性感”和“聪明”中她们选择前者。一位在迈阿密的母亲死于整型手术，留下两个十几岁的孩子。类似现象层出不穷，令我心痛。

如果我们总是最先注意一个小女孩的长相，那等于告诉她们相貌比其他一切都重要。正是这样的观念使她们从五岁就开始节食，从十一岁开始涂脂抹粉，十七岁去隆胸，二十四岁打肉毒针。当我们的文化把全天候性感做为新的女性规则，美国女性变得越来越不快乐。

我们失去了什么？有意义的——思考，阅读，并因我们的思想和成就而被尊重——的生活。

这就是为什么我要求自己用下面的方式与小女孩们对话。

“玛雅，”我蹲得和她一边高，看着她的眼睛说，“很高兴认识你。”

“我也很高兴认识你。”她用大人教给她的礼貌乖乖女的口吻回答。

“嘿，你最近在读什么书？”我眨眨眼睛说。我爱书，称得上是个书痴，而且以此为傲。

她睁大了眼睛，故作礼貌的表情消失了，换成了对这个话题兴奋的表情。不过，因为对我还很陌生，她犹豫了一下。

“我超爱看书，你呢？”我问。

大多数的孩子都爱看书。

“我也爱！”她说，“我现在能自己读好多书了！”

“哇！真厉害！”我说。对于一个五岁孩子来说，的确很厉害。“你最爱哪本书？”

“我去拿过来！我能读给你听吗？”

玛雅的最爱是《紫色女孩》，我从来没读过。我们坐在沙发上，玛雅窝在我身边，充满自豪的朗诵每一个词。故事里的女主人公喜欢粉紫色，她学校的女孩都爱黑色，所以女主人公受尽了欺负——唉，又是一本关于女孩和她们的衣服、以及她们的衣服定义了她们的人格的书。不过，当玛雅念完了整本书，我把话题转向了书中涉及的更深层次的问题：爱欺负人的女同学、同侪压力、被孤立。我告诉她，我最喜欢的颜色是绿色，因为我喜欢自然。她很赞同。

我们丝毫没有谈到衣服啦，头发啦，身体啦，漂亮啦。跟一个小女孩聊天时，想避开这些话题比想象中还难，但我坚持住了。

我告诉她我刚刚写完一本书，我还告诉她我希望有一天她也能写一本。她为了这个想法兴奋不已。到玛雅需要就寝的时候，我们都意犹未尽，不过我告诉她下次我们再挑一本书，一起读，一起聊。她简直迫不及待，都不肯去睡觉了。

这就是我对于我们文化对小女孩们错误示范的一点小小反抗、对于尊重女性智力的一点小小推动、为重塑女性准则的小小努力。我跟玛雅这短短几分钟的聊天，能够改变几百万的美容产业、真人秀、以及明星文化带给她的影响吗？不能。但是，我至少使她当下的想法发生了改变。

下次当你遇见一个小女孩时，也不妨试试。她可能会惊讶和困惑，因为此前从没人关心她想过什么，但是，请保持耐心，给她时间。问问她在读什么书。问问她喜欢什么，不喜欢什么。以及为什么。这些问题没有所谓的正确答案。你只是引导她重视自己的思想，帮她开展一次智力的对话。对于大一点的女孩，问问她对时事的看法：污染，战争，学校经费削减。在这个世界上，什么使她感到困扰？如果她有一杆魔杖，她想要改变什么？你很可能得到令你深思的答案。与她聊聊你的想法，你做的事情，或者你爱读的书。你能够向她示范一个自主思考的女性是如何说话、做事的。

请告诉我之后发生了什么。让我们一起改变这个世界，从与每一个小女孩聊天开始。

［原文］

How to Talk to Little Girls

I went to a dinner party at a friend's home last weekend, and met her five-year-old daughter for the first time.

Little Maya was all curly brown hair, doe-like dark eyes, and adorable in her shiny pink nightgown. I wanted to squeal, "Maya, you're so cute! Look at you! Turn around and model that pretty ruffled gown, you gorgeous thing!"

But I didn't. I squelched myself. As I always bite my tongue when I meet little girls, restraining myself from my first impulse, which is to tell them how darn cute/ pretty/ beautiful/ well-dressed/ well-manicured/ well-coiffed they are.

What's wrong with that? It's our culture's standard talking-to-little-girls icebreaker, isn't it? And why not give them a sincere compliment to boost their self-esteem? Because they are so darling I just want to burst when I meet them, honestly.

Hold that thought for just a moment.

This week ABC News reported that nearly half of all three- to six-year-old girls worry about being fat. In my book, Think: Straight Talk for Women to Stay Smart in a Dumbed-Down World, I reveal that 15 to 18 percent of girls under 12 now wear mascara, eyeliner and lipstick regularly; eating disorders are up and self-esteem is down; and 25 percent of young American women would rather win America's Next Top Model than the Nobel Peace Prize. Even bright, successful college women say they'd rather be hot than smart. A Miami mom just died from cosmetic surgery, leaving behind two teenagers. This keeps happening, and it breaks my heart.

Teaching girls that their appearance is the first thing you notice tells them that looks are more important than anything. It sets them up for dieting at age 5 and foundation at age 11 and boob jobs at 17 and Botox at 23. As our cultural imperative for girls to be hot 24/7 has become the new normal, American women have become increasingly unhappy. What's missing? A life of meaning, a life of ideas and reading books and being valued for our thoughts and accomplishments.

That's why I force myself to talk to little girls as follows.

"Maya," I said, crouching down at her level, looking into her eyes, "very nice to meet you."

"Nice to meet you too," she said, in that trained, polite, talking-to-adults good girl voice.

"Hey, what are you reading?" I asked, a twinkle in my eyes. I love books. I'm nuts for them. I let that show.

Her eyes got bigger, and the practiced, polite facial expression gave way to genuine excitement over this topic. She paused, though, a little shy of me, a stranger.

"I LOVE books," I said. "Do you?"

Most kids do.

"YES," she said. "And I can read them all by myself now!"

"Wow, amazing!" I said. And it is, for a five-year-old. You go on with your bad self, Maya.

"What's your favorite book?" I asked.

"I'll go get it! Can I read it to you?"

Purplicious was Maya's pick and a new one to me, as Maya snuggled next to me on the sofa and proudly read aloud every word, about our heroine who loves pink but is tormented by a group of girls at school who only wear black. Alas, it was about girls and what they wore, and how their wardrobe choices defined their identities. But after Maya closed the final page, I steered the conversation to the deeper issues in the book: mean girls and peer pressure and not going along with the group. I told her my favorite color in the world is green, because I love nature, and she was down with that.

Not once did we discuss clothes or hair or bodies or who was pretty. It's surprising how hard it is to stay away from those topics with little girls, but I'm stubborn.

I told her that I'd just written a book, and that I hoped she'd write one too one day. She was fairly psyched about that idea. We were both sad when Maya had to go to bed, but I told her next time to choose another book and we'd read it and talk about it. Oops. That got her too amped up to sleep, and she came down from her bedroom a few times, all jazzed up.

So, one tiny bit of opposition to a culture that sends all the wrong messages to our girls. One tiny nudge towards valuing female brains. One brief moment of intentional role modeling. Will my few minutes with Maya change our multibillion dollar beauty industry, reality shows that demean women, our celebrity-manic culture? No. But I did change Maya's perspective for at least that evening.

Try this the next time you meet a little girl. She may be surprised and unsure at first, because few ask her about her mind, but be patient and stick with it. Ask her what she's reading. What does she like and dislike, and why? There are no wrong answers. You're just generating an intelligent conversation that respects her brain. For older girls, ask her about current events issues: pollution, wars, school budgets slashed. What bothers her out there in the world? How would she fix it if she had a magic wand? You may get some intriguing answers. Tell her about your ideas and accomplishments and your favorite books. Model for her what a thinking woman says and does.

And let me know the response you get at www.Twitter.com/lisabloom and Facebook.

Here's to changing the world, one little girl at a time.

对传教士避之不及决不是抵制、歧视宗教；而是那股“知道自己掌握着真理因此非此不谈”的势头让我感到窒息。
“传教士”不都是宗教的。举目四望，这样的人形形色色。
有些除了喷什么都不做，且一天24小时ta至少要喷12小时的愤青，我真想请ta歇歇。
我也决不是抵制、歧视愤青。
疑心各种事都是这样，即使是美的善的，太过偏执也让人恐怖。
你缠着我给我唱三天三夜的《世上只有妈妈好》我也吐啊！


Aversion to preachers is no aversion to religion, but to suffocating preaches with no room for objection or holding-back.
The metaphor goes beyond those who believe in god: There are people all over the place preaching their belief(s) as if it is the only and the only worthwhile truth.
However, good will does not always lead to good deed; best feast that lasts a week will surely stuff people to burst!

img

球谜。

晚上跟老公玩猜足球运动员的小游戏。
被老公的知识吓得拍岸惊奇。
一边还看着熨衣服的老公在蒸汽里紧绷胸肌。
好开心啊～

被附体。

今天满脑子都在想一些 荒诞不经的言辞，
如此不像我的风格，让我有被附体的错觉。

其中有中文的：
“跟你在一起的生活就像屁，温暖有滋味。”

亦有英文的：
"Life is a bitch: you fuck it then you have to pay."

可能是人生前二十几年不讲脏话而憋出来的才华瞬间井喷了。
喷完我又恢复过我淑女式的人生了，谢谢。

（后注：发现不该是bitch，应该是wh*re。bitch不一定要钱。）